Distribution boards are crucial enclosures designed to distribute electricity from the mains power supply to individual circuits in a range of properties. These control centers safeguard individuals and equipment by preventing electric shocks and fires by system tripping in case of overload detection. Typically, the panel boards include a main switch for manually turning OFF or ON the main power to isolate the supply. Moreover, the board includes other components depending on the board types and occupant requirements.
- Other Names for Distribution Board
A distribution board is also known as a power distribution board (PDU), distribution panel board, panel board, electrical fuse box, fuse board, breaker panel, DB board, and electric panel.
Components and a Working Principle of Distribution Boards
Distribution boards are crucial central power hubs that feature a range of integral devices, including bus bars, timers, contact breakers, doorbells, main switches, circuit breakers, and earth leakage units. The main wires are routed to secondary circuits after the initial entrance to the main board, and the bespoke components within panel boards protect the equipment altogether, making a system. By tripping the system, they protect the linked system and devices from short circuits, overload, and fire hazards.
Why Use a Distribution Board?
A distribution board features a single input with multiple outputs rather than having direct main power connections. This property makes them safer, space-saving, and more effective sources. The major benefit of a breaker panel is that it provides safety by ensuring uniform power distribution to each circuit. Other benefits include:
- They reduce burnout, short circuits, and overload.
- Highly energy efficient.
- Available in different sizes and shapes.
- Minimise additional wiring needs.
- Space-saving and durable.
- Provide peace of mind.
- Protect both equipment and individuals.
- Avoid tripping the whole power supply by even power distribution.
Safety Considerations for Distribution Boards
It is crucial to ascertain certain parameters when handling or installing a distribution board. The following factors should be kept in mind and include:
- PDU’s Location – The appropriate location of the panel boards must be carefully selected to avoid any hazards. It is recommended to install these boards in out-of-the-way locations that are hard to reach for children. Install the board at a convenient height to avoid any contact with water and distance from cooking appliances.
- Panel Covering- It is crucial to encase the distribution board in the cover to prevent corrosion, moisture, dust, and humidity.
- Warning Indication – It is best to place warning signs on the board’s doors to inform individuals to avoid any contact. This would prevent people from touching the distribution board or other hazardous devices.
In addition to the above considerations, if the circuit breaker keeps tripping or you detect a burning smell, turn off the appliances immediately and consult professionals to avoid any hazards or for replacement.
Types and Applications of Distribution Boards
Power distribution panels are classified into various types, with basic applications in offices, household environments, and industrial applications. Some of their types with their respective applications include:
- Industrial Hydraulic Control Panels
- Operator Panels
- Commercial Applications
- Motor Control Centres (MCCs)
- Programmable Logic Controller Panels
- Human-Machine Interface (HMI).
